Electricity Shopping Gotchas

electricity shopping gotchas
Be wary of the games some electricity retailers play

Texas electricity shopping is a minefield of gimmicks and gotchas. The average household overpays by ~$400 annually, while savvy retailers keep inventing new ways to squeeze higher margins from their customers.

To help level the playing field, we list the most common gotchas to watch out for below. How many are you aware of?

Energy-only rates

Each month, you pay both your chosen Retailer for electricity and your local Utility to deliver it. All Retailers bill for delivery on your Utility’s behalf, yet some quote their energy-only costs (without delivery) to appear cheaper. Always compare quotes with delivery charges included. If they aren’t listed, move on.

Usage-dependent rates, credits, or charges

Sites like PowerToChoose condition shoppers to compare prices only at 500-, 1000-, or 2000 kWh/mo, despite their actual usage varying widely over the year. Retailers capitalize with rate gimmicks that appear cheap at those exact usages while charging more overall.

Example: A plan charges a flat $80 for the first 1000 kWh plus 15¢/kWh for usage over 1000 kWh.

That’s only 8 ¢/kWh if you use exactly 1000 kWh/mo. But it’s 10.3 ¢/kWh at 1500 kWh/mo, 11.5 ¢/kWh at 2000, and a whopping 16 ¢/kWh if you only use 500 kWh.

“Non-cumulative” rates

A more extreme version of the above, where using one kWh more can change the rate for your entire month’s usage.

Example: $80 for usage up to 1000 kWh, or 15¢/kWh for usage over 1000 kWh.

Using 1000 kWh costs $80, but using 1001 costs $150.15 (vs. $80.15 in the case above).

Partial billing cycles

If your plan has usage-dependent charges, mind your start date. Most plans count usage per pre-defined “billing cycles”. If you start on a mid-cycle day, you’ll get partial first- and last cycles, or 13 billing cycles for a 12-month plan. Depending on the plan, that can cost you more.

Example: You use ~1500 kWh/month and pick a plan that credits you $95 for using at least 1000 kWh/billing cycle.

If you start (and end) the plan in the middle of a cycle, your first and last [half] cycles will only include ~750 kWh usage and you’ll forfeit one $95 credit.

“Free” nights/weekends/cash back/…

“Free” is the most powerful word in marketing, but there’s usually a catch.

Free Nights and/or Weekends plans tease savings for consumers who shift their usage to off-peak hours. But inflated daytime rates lead most to pay higher average rates. The same goes for plans that bundle gift cards, thermostats, or other freebies. Always do the math.

100% renewable

Wind and solar energy have clear CO2 and pollution benefits, so many Retailers offer them exclusively or as an upsell option.

Unfortunately, the Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) that underpin virtually all such plans in Texas are completely ineffective. A 100% renewable plan may cost you more, but it makes no difference in the transition to clean energy. Unless it’s your cheapest option, skip the “green” plan.

Wholesale rates

“Wholesale” plans can be good for certain off-peak users, but they’re not for everyone. Real-time rates are highly volatile, and summertime price spikes can quickly erode months of savings. These plans require focused effort and/or home automation to shift usage to lower-priced periods, and higher usage to offset their monthly membership costs.

“Free” plan advice

The psychology of “free” applies to where you shop, as well. All electricity shopping sites must earn money to cover their expenses. If you aren’t paying them to shop on your behalf, Retailers are paying them to sell you plans at higher rates. Guess which costs you more?

Name recognition

Advertising and high-profile sponsorships cost money. So it ‘s no surprise that the Retailers we’re most familiar with tend to charge higher rates for the exact same electricity. (It may be a surprise that those same companies also sell it under less-known sibling brands at a lower price.)

Non-yearly contracts

Summer month electricity costs Retailers extra, which they pass on to you. To appear cheaper, some offer plans that avoid or underweight summer, such as 6- or 18-month plans spanning October to March.

To compare plans of different lengths, always factor in estimated costs for any months they don’t have in common. More details.

Variable rates

With few exceptions, “variable rate” plans are expensive and unpredictable. Retailers can change pricing at their sole discretion, so rates tend to spike dramatically after the promotional billing cycle.

“Bait and switch”

Some Retailers post good deals on shopping sites, then tempt you with a barrage of seemingly cheaper rates when you visit their website to sign up. The new offers are usually of the usage-dependent type (see above) and more expensive, so stay the course to find your original target.

Non-recurring fees

Retailers’ Terms of Service documents detail one-time fees for non-payment, manual payment, disconnection, etc. You can avoid most of these with Autopay, e-billing, and timely payments; otherwise some can get quite expensive.

“Tease and squeeze”

Did you successfully navigate all of the above to nab a cheap rate? Retailers can still count on you forgetting your renewal months or years down the road. When you do, they’ll quietly roll you into an expensive month-to-month plan until you notice.

Win the Game

Knowledge is power, so we share these tips to help Texans get their best rate and save their hard-earned money.

For even more shopping power, click below to let our RateGrinder tool recommend the best plan for your home.

Not in the market for a new plan just yet? Tell our free RateAlert service about your current plan and we’ll monitor daily for better deals until your renewal.

Find Your Best Rate »

 

Did we miss any tricks above? Let us know in the comments.

Related Topics:

How to Shop For Electricity in Texas
Best Texas Electricity Rates

 

Review: TXU Free Nights & Solar Days plan

TXU’s “Free Nights & Solar Days 18” is the most expensive Time-of-Use electricity plan we currently track, costing the average homeowner nearly double the best fixed-rate plan.

Lately you can’t watch TV for an hour without seeing a commercial for this plan. It touts “free” electricity from 9 p.m. until 6 a..m., with the rest as renewable solar and wind. Together, that’s the trifecta of red flags in our “How to Shop for Electricity in Texas” article. But let’s start with the math…

For simplicity, we took TXU’s own EFL usage and average price claims at face value. Then we compared them to the cheapest 18-month, fixed-rate, 100%-renewable plans on PowerToChoose.org using our RateGrinder tool, including typical month-to-month usage variations:

TXU Free Nights & Solar Days (DFW/Oncor area)
Avg monthly usage (kWh)
500 1000 2000
Average rate (¢/kWh) 15.2 13.7 12.9
18-month cost  $1,368  $2,466  $4,644
 – Lowest-cost fixed-rate competitor  $707  $1,318  $2,544
 = TXU cost premium  $661  $1,148  $2,100
+93% +87% +83%

Like most “free” weekends/nights plans, TXU’s Free Nights & Solar Days jacks up the base rate more than enough to compensate for the free periods. In this case, it’s upwards of 18.5 ¢/kWh after TDU charges. For comparison, the best alternatives above averaged <7.7 ¢/kWh annually. So a house that averages 1000 kWh/month usage would pay an extra $1,148 over 18 months. If you try to change your mind, you’ll encounter a $295 cancellation fee, the highest of any 18-month plan we currently track.

Can savvy consumers make up the difference by deferring their electricity usage until the free periods? Not likely. As the largest electricity retailer in Texas, TXU knows how much their customers use from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. Their EFL “average rate” math above already assumes 32.7% is free. Their press release claims “customers on these plans received nearly 40 percent of their energy usage for free”1. But even that extra 7.3% barely dents the 83%+ cost premium.

Think you’re up for deferring YOUR usage enough to come out ahead? It is theoretically possible. Sweltering without air conditioningBut you’ll be plenty hungry waiting in the dark until 9 p.m. to cook canned soup for dinner because you have no fridge or freezer. And without AC your stagnant, algae-filled backyard pool will offer little relief from the Texas heat. Get the picture? Yes, your dishwashing and laundry can be put off until nighttime, but that difference is relatively small. If you really want to do the math on your house’s usage, we’ve posted a tool to help in our “Indexed and Time-of-Use Plans Roundup“.

Finally, TXU has added “Solar Days” to their prior Free Nights offering, via purchases of solar power and solar and wind renewable energy credits (RECs). But as “Green Energy Plans: The Reality” notes, RECs in Texas are sadly too cheap to do much more than boost retailer profits. Perhaps TXU’s “purchases of solar power” include more meaningful Power Purchase Agreements with generators, but that information is lacking. (If so, we welcome TXU to provide details in the comments below.)

Don’t pay the price for marketing gimmicks like Free Nights & Solar Days. To find the lowest cost options for your home, just plug your monthly electricity usages into TPG’s RateGrinder tool. You won’t find a cheaper rate easier anywhere else.

 

Try RateGrinder »

Indexed and Time-of-Use Plans Roundup

New for Nov 2019! Texas Power Guide now has a more powerful spreadsheet calculator to compare Time-of-Use electric plans. Download it here for Excel, then paste in your full electricity usage history from SmartMeterTexas.com to see how you’d fare with Griddy, Free Nights, and others.

 

Electricity plans like Reliant Truly Free Weekends, TXU Free Nights, and Griddy all charge based on when you use electricity, but beyond that they’re very different. We do the math to see which are gimmicks and which deliver the goods.

Risk vs. Reward

When shopping for electricity, most consumers choose plans with a “Fixed” rate over the contract term. Such plans offer predictable bills and relatively simple math. In theory, however, they do not offer the lowest cost.

To offer you a fixed rate for a period of time, retailers must first estimate how much they’ll pay for your electricity. The wholesale price of electricity depends on many variables. These include the price of natural gas, weather changes like heat waves, hurricanes, and wind, and consumers’ daily patterns of electricity use. As a result, electricity pricing can vary a lot: from -260% to over +11,000% of the ~2.6 ¢/kWh average just last year. Facing these uncertainties, retailers add safety margin to their cost estimates so they don’t undercharge customers and go bankrupt. The longer the contract, the more uncertainty and risk, so the more they have to add to your rate.

Houston Electricity Price History

To offer lower rates, some retailers create plans that shift some or all of their pricing risks to you. “Indexed” plans base their pricing on underlying market indices like the monthly price of natural gas. “Time-Of-Use” (TOU) plans generally increase their pricing during late afternoon peak use periods. And some plans do both with rates based on the real-time wholesale price of electricity, which changes every 5 minutes. To the extent they transfer pricing variation risk to the consumer, these plans have the potential to offer lower prices. (They’re also more difficult for consumers to quantify, but Texas Power Guide is here to help with that.)Houston Electricty Prices vs Time of Day

Plan Comparison

To see how they stack up, we pitted 9 indexed and/or Time-of-Use plans from PowerToChoose.org and elsewhere against each other. We ran the numbers using the past twelve months of pricing data matched with the actual usage of two Houston-area homes. Home #1 is a 1-story, 2-occupant house with an average consumption of ~1130 kWh/month — about the Texas state average. Home #2 is a 2-story, 4-occupant house with a pool and average consumption of ~2100 kWh/month. Neither home participated in an indexed or TOU plan during the sampling period, so their owners weren’t shifting their normal consumption behavior. We’ll discuss the practicality of doing so in the results.

For comparison, we also included the current best 12-month Fixed rate plan per our RateGrinder tool.  While the best plan from one year ago would make a better comparison, those details weren’t available. Energy prices are slightly higher in 2017 than 2016, which unduly benefits Indexed/TOU plans computed using last year’s pricing.

We did not include plans that PowerToChoose.org categorizes as “Variable”. Unlike Indexed plans tied to a public index, retailers can often change pricing on Variable plans at their sole discretion. Finding details of price histories can also be challenging. As a result, Variable plans don’t meet our threshold for either predictability or transparency.

Per TPG’s philosophy, all our data and calculations are posted here [Note: Newer version available, see top of article.] If you export your home’s usage data from SmartMeterTexas.com, you can paste it into our file to see your own results. We also include historical data on wholesale electricity and natural gas prices to lend insight into the frequency and severity of [usually weather-related] price spikes.

The table below summarizes our results. Time-of-Use plans are in blue. Plans indexed to the monthly price of natural gas are in purple. Plans indexed to real-time (15-minute) electricity pricing are in green.

Results: Indexed and Time-of-Use Plans Comparison
Home #1
(~14 MWh/yr)
Home #2
(~25 MWh/yr)
Retailer / Plan $/year ¢/kWh $/year ¢/kWh
[Best 12-month Fixed rate plan] $1,002 7.4 $1,881 7.4
Griddy Zero $1,116 8.2 $1,890 7.4
Volt EP Signature Index Plan $1,113 8.2 $2,016 7.9
Champion Energy Free Time-12 $1,173 8.6 $2,135 8.4
Direct Energy Free Power Weekends 12 $1,287 9.5 $2,323 9.2
Reliant Solar Sell Back $1,363 10.0 $2,501 9.9
Reliant PowerTracker $1,411 10.4 $2,535 10.0
TXU Energy MarketEdge $1,499 11.0 $2,698 10.6
Reliant Truly Free Weekends 24 $1,519 11.2 $2,789 11.0
TXU Free Nights 24 (9 p.m.)
TXU Free Nights & Solar Days 18
$1,861 13.7 $3,368 13.3

Observations

For the average Texas home (~ Home #1), the best 12-month fixed rate undercut the Indexed/TOU options by $114 – $859/yr.

For those with higher usage and a stomach for short-term risk, however, Griddy Energy may be worth a look. New to Texas in April, Griddy’s prepaid daily plan offers the real-time wholesale rate (plus TDU charges) for $9.99/month and 2.9%+30¢/payment. The fees overshadow the wholesale benefit at low or average usages. But above ~2000 kWh/month usage Griddy starts to compete with the better 12-month fixed rates. Griddy also offers the most potential for consumers to shift their consumption for more savings — including occasional negative pricing — with a phone app for real-time pricing, forecasts, and alerts. If you’re willing to assume the risk of pricing disruptions (see first chart, above) in exchange for a lower long-term bill and/or less frequent shopping, Griddy may work for you. That said, Griddy is brand new and TPG hasn’t directly sampled their service, so stay tuned for more. If you have, let us know your experience in the comments.

Beyond that, there’s currently little else in the Houston market worth considering:

Volt EP‘s Signature Index Plan is the other product indexed to the wholesale price of electricity, but on a monthly postpaid basis. With a different fee structure, it is cheaper than Griddy only for lower-than-average usages. Unfortunately, that’s the space where fixed-rate plans outcompete both.

Three “Free Weekends” options from Champion, Direct Energy, and Reliant are nominally Time-of-Use plans, but not in the traditional sense of passing through higher afternoon pricing. Instead, they’re largely marketing tactics to lure customers into higher average rates obscured by trickier math. As such, they are frequently panned on the Internet. Only an extremely weekend-focused consumer might come out ahead of the better fixed-rate options.

The three plans indexed to the NYMEX Natural Gas Futures index also performed poorly, due to their unremarkable pricing.

Finally, TXU‘s identically-priced Free Nights 24 (9 p.m.) and Free Nights & Solar Days 18 plans cripple their usage-shifting potential with a staggering 13+ ¢/kWh average cost, ranking worst in our survey.

Bottom line

For those seeking the lowest cost, a shorter-term fixed-rate product such as those found with our RateGrinder tool is still the best bet. But for risk-tolerant consumers with higher usage or a desire to capture savings by shifting their consumption, Griddy may be a worth a look.

Try RateGrinder »

 

Article updated 8/6/17 to include TXU’s Free Nights & Solar Days 18 plan, which as of that date has identical pricing terms as the Free Nights 24 (9 p.m.) plan.

Article updated 8/7/18 to remove 3-month fixed rate plan comparison data, since the analysis did not capture the total cost of successive 3-month options at seasonally varying pricing.